5 essential strategies for teaching beginner-level ERM students

Teaching beginner-level ERM students is arguably the most challenging level you'll encounter. Your classroom may include learners who can't read or write in their own language alongside those with university degrees but no knowledge of Roman script. Some may have experienced trauma that affects their ability to concentrate, whilst others may be hypervigilant and anxious about making mistakes.

So how do you navigate these challenges?

Start with the essentials

Focus on what students need most urgently. This usually means functional language for daily life: asking for help, understanding basic instructions, navigating public transport, and communicating in shops or at medical appointments. Grammar can wait.

Use visual resources extensively

Pictures, photographs, realia and gestures become your best teaching tools when you can't rely on shared language. Build a bank of images that represent common vocabulary and everyday situations.

Establish clear routines

Predictable lesson structures help anxious learners feel safe. Start each lesson the same way, use consistent signals for different activities, and make transitions gentle. This reduces cognitive load and allows students to focus on language learning.

Embrace translanguaging

Allow students to use their first language alongside English. This isn't cheating – it's a valuable learning strategy. Encourage students who share languages to work together, and don't be afraid to use translation apps when available.

Go slowly

Resist the urge to cover too much ground. It's far better to ensure students leave confident with five useful phrases than confused by twenty. Repeat, recycle and revisit language frequently.

Teaching pre-A1 ERM learners requires patience, creativity and cultural sensitivity. But with the right strategies, you can make a real difference to your students' lives.

Our Core Skills in Teaching English to Refugees & Migrants course explores these strategies in depth.

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